Aberrant DNA Methylation and Genome Instability and Mutation in Cancer  

Li  S. , Wen  Y.H. , Wei  Y.J. , Wang  Y.H. , Liu  H.B.
College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
Author    Correspondence author
Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, 2015, Vol. 3, No. 14   doi: 10.5376/cge.2015.03.00014
Received: 02 Oct., 2015    Accepted: 13 Nov., 2015    Published: 08 Dec., 2015
© 2015 BioPublisher Publishing Platform
This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:

Li S., Wen Y.H., Wei Y.J., Wang Y.H., and Liu H.B., 2015, Aberrant DNA methylation and genome instability and mutation in cancer, Vol.3, No.14, 1-5 (doi: 10.5376/cge.2015.03.00014)

 

Abstract

In the process of normal cells transforming into cancer cells with the disruption control of epigenetic and genetic, they will gradually acquire the cancer Hallmarks. Epigenetic and genetic influence each other and closely cooperate to promoter oncogenic transformation in variety ways. It is clear that DNA methylation plays important roles in generation of mutation of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) eventually lead to inactivation such as the probability of C mutation to T of the well-known TSGs p53 is high due to 5-methylcytosine residues is more prone to spontaneous deamination. The most common pattern of epigenetic control of tumor suppressor genes inactivation is hypermethylation of promoter region in cancers and the hypermethylation of CpG islands can also contribute to the increasing mutation rate of tumor suppressor genes such as CpG islands hypermethylation appeared to be tightly linked with the V600E mutation of the BRAF oncogene in colorectal cancer. Global hypomethylation is closely associated with chromosomal instability, which the methylation status of LINE-1 is a marker of global methylation, there is a significant relationship between LINE-1 hypomethylation and DNA copy number variation in the gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Aberrant DNA methylation is pervasive in cancer, which is similar to genomic instability and mutation.

Keywords
Hypermethylation; Hypomethylation; Chromosomal instability; Mutation; Cancer
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