Jessi J. White

Author    Correspondence author
Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, 2024, Vol. 12, No.   
Received: 01 Jan., 1970    Accepted: 01 Jan., 1970    Published: 05 Oct., 2024

Abstract　Colorectal cancer remains a significant challenge in cancer treatment due to its complex tumor microenvironment and immune evasion strategies. This study comprehensively examines the immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer and its impact on therapy, deeply exploring the critical roles of immune cells, cytokines, and the extracellular matrix in regulating tumor progression and treatment response. The study further investigates various therapeutic strategies to modulate the immune microenvironment, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell transfer therapy, cancer vaccines, and oncolytic viruses. Additionally, this study emphasizes the importance of personalized immunotherapy and the necessity of integrating multi-omics data to deeply understand and optimize therapeutic strategies. Future research should focus on overcoming immune resistance, enhancing immune memory, and utilizing biomarkers to predict treatment responses. The comprehensive analysis in this study highlights the potential of strategies targeting the immune microenvironment to improve clinical outcomes for colorectal cancer patients. Keywords　Colon cancer; Immune microenvironment; Immunotherapy; Immune checkpoints; Cancer vaccines