Tao Li

Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China
Author    Correspondence author
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports, 2024, Vol. 14, No. 3   
Received: 06 May, 2024    Accepted: 07 Jun., 2024    Published: 20 Jun., 2024

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) in children are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in developing countries. These infections, including pneumonia, bronchiolitis, bronchitis, and influenza, have high prevalence and severity, posing significant threats to children's health. Studies indicate that specific risk factors, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), congenital heart disease (CHD), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections, are closely associated with the severity and poor prognosis of these infections. Socioeconomic factors, parental smoking, and nutritional status also significantly impact the severity of ALRIs. Current treatment strategies, including antibiotics and supportive care, show varying effectiveness, highlighting the need for further research and development of targeted therapies and vaccines. This study systematically reviews multiple studies, providing a comprehensive analysis of clinical cases and treatment outcomes of ALRIs in children, emphasizing early diagnosis, appropriate antibiotic use, and targeted interventions for high-risk groups. Improving living standards, promoting exclusive breastfeeding, and educating parents are key strategies to reduce the burden and severity of ALRIs. Continued research into effective vaccines and treatments, along with the development of standardized clinical guidelines, will play a crucial role in improving treatment outcomes for children with ALRIs.

Acute lower respiratory infections; Children; Clinical cases; Treatment outcomes; Preventive measures