Wang Wei

Institute of Life Science, Jiyang College of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, 311800, China
Author    Correspondence author
International Journal of Molecular Medical Science, 2024, Vol. 14, No. 1   doi: 10.5376/ijmms.2024.14.0005
Received: 02 Feb., 2024    Accepted: 05 Mar., 2024    Published: 19 Mar., 2024

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Wang W., 2024, Studying the dynamic changes of the immune system through single-cell omics, International Journal of Molecular Medical Science, 14(1): 29-41 (doi: 10.5376/ijmms.2024.14.0005)

The rapid development of single-cell omics technologies has provided a new perspective for immunology research, enabling scientists to explore the dynamic changes of the immune system at unprecedented resolution. This study reviews the application cases, challenges, and future development directions of single-cell omics in immune system research. This study introduces how single-cell omics technologies reveal the heterogeneity and functional diversity of immune cells in infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, and tumor microenvironments. Single-cell RNA sequencing technology and single-cell ATAC sequencing technology enable scientists to identify immune cell subsets and their gene expression patterns under specific disease conditions, thereby deeply understanding how pathogens affect the functional state of immune cells and how the immune system adjusts its response strategy to fight against diseases. These advancements will help comprehensively understand the state and function of cells, as well as their dynamic changes in health and disease states. At the same time, it emphasizes the important impact of single-cell omics technology on disease treatment, especially personalized medicine and precision immunotherapy. By analyzing the immune cell status of specific patients, personalized treatment plans can be customized to improve the effectiveness and safety of treatment. Single-cell omics technology provides powerful new tools for the study of the immune system, but it also brings new challenges. With the continuous advancement of technology and the development of new methods, it is expected to overcome these challenges, deeply explore the mysteries of the immune system, and provide deeper insights and more effective solutions for immunology research and clinical treatment. In the future, single-cell omics will continue to play a key role in revealing the internal complex mechanisms of the immune system and promoting personalized medicine, providing more precise treatment targets and methods, thereby greatly improving treatment effects and patient quality of life.

Single-cell omics; Immune system dynamics; Heterogeneity analysis; Precision immunotherapy