Low-carbohydrate Diets Emphasizing Healthy, Plant-based Sources Associated with Slower Long-term Weight Gain
Published:19 Feb.2024 Source:Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Low-carbohydrate diets comprised mostly of plant-based proteins and fats with healthy carbohydrates such as whole grains were associated with slower long-term weight gain than low-carbohydrate diets comprised mostly of animal proteins and fats with unhealthy carbohydrates like refined starches, according to a new study led by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.
While many studies have shown the benefits of cutting carbohydrates for short-term weight loss, little research has been conducted on low-carbohydrate diets' effect on long-term weight maintenance and the role of food group quality. Using data from the Nurses' Health Study, Nurses' Health Study II, and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, the researchers analyzed the diets and weights of 123 332 healthy adults from as early as 1986 to as recently as 2018.
The study found that diets comprised of plant-based proteins and fats and healthy carbohydrates were significantly associated with slower long-term weight gain. Participants who increased their adherence to TLCD, ALCD, and ULCD on average gained more weight compared to those who increased their adherence to HLCD over time. These associations were most pronounced among participants who were younger (<55 years old), overweight or obese, and/or less physically active.